Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies in Australia, affecting people of all ages — particularly women, children, and those with chronic health conditions. While it’s often associated with fatigue and low energy, iron deficiency can impact everything from cognitive function to immune health, and it’s not always as simple as “eat more steak.”
Iron is essential for producing haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. When your iron stores are low, your body struggles to get the oxygen it needs, leaving you feeling tired, weak, and often short of breath. Other symptoms can include pale skin, dizziness, headaches, poor concentration, and even hair thinning or brittle nails.
So, what causes iron deficiency? While inadequate iron intake through diet is one factor, it’s not the only piece of the puzzle. Chronic blood loss — such as heavy menstrual periods or internal bleeding — can significantly deplete iron levels. But a less talked about contributor is poor absorption. Even if you’re eating enough iron-rich foods, your body might not be absorbing it effectively.
Nutrient malabsorption can be influenced by various health conditions, including coeliac disease, inflammatory bowel disease (like Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis), and low stomach acid. Food intolerances may also play a role, as they can lead to chronic gut inflammation, impacting the integrity of the digestive lining and limiting how well nutrients — like iron — are absorbed. Additionally, consuming iron inhibitors such as excessive tea, coffee, or calcium supplements with meals can block absorption.
Vitamin C is a key player in helping the body absorb non-haem iron (the form found in plant foods), so low levels of vitamin C may contribute to deficiency as well. A diet lacking in supportive nutrients — or one that’s too restrictive — can compound the problem.
If you suspect low iron, it’s important to get proper testing done. A qualified health practitioner can assess your levels and explore possible underlying causes. Iron supplements may be recommended, but these should always be tailored to your individual needs — and taken under guidance, as excess iron can also be harmful.
Supporting your gut health is also crucial. A nutritionist can help identify and correct absorption issues through dietary strategies and targeted supplementation. And for a broader view of how your body is functioning, tools like iridology can offer insights that guide more holistic care.
Iron deficiency is common — but it’s not something you have to live with.
If you suspect you are iron deficient, see your health professional.